Human and Health and Diseases | Practice Questions

Here are practice questions based on Human and Health and Diseases (Chapter-8, Class XII) from previous year board question papers, CBSE Sample paper, and NCERT Exemplar and some other sources.

1 Mark

1. What is the role of histamine in inflammatory response?
2. Why was Gambusia introduced into drains and ponds?
3. Millions of chickens were killed in West Bengal, Orissa and Maharastra recently. What was the reason?
4. What is neoplasm?
5. Why do sportspersons often fall a victim to cocaine addiction?
6. Name a drug that is used as an effective sedative and painkiller and helping patients to cope with mental illness like depression, but is often misused.
7. Name any two diseases caused by alcohol.
8. What do you understand by withdrawal symptoms of alcohol?
9. What is humoral immunity?
10. How do neutrophils acts as a cellular barrier to pathogens in humans?

2/3 Marks

1. What roles macrophages play in providing immunity to humans?
2. Highlight the role of thymus as a lymphoid organ. Name the cells that are released from the above-mentioned gland. Mention how they help in immunity? What causes swelling of the lower limbs in a patient suffering from filariasis?
3. Name the type of cells that AIDS virus first enters into after getting inside the human body. Explain the sequence of events that the virus undergoes within these cells to increase their progeny.
4. List the specific symptoms of typhoid. Name its causative agent.
5. What is withdrawal syndrome? List any two symptoms it is characterized by.
6. Why do normal cells not show cancerous growth?
7. From which plants are cannabinoids obtained? Name any two cannabinoids. Which part of the body is affected by consuming these substances?
8. How does a vaccine affect immunity? How can we get immunized against tetanus?
9. What are hallucinogens? Give two examples. Mention their clinical use.
10. Write the scientific names of the organisms of elephantiasis and ringworm in humans. Mention the body parts affected by them.
11. Trace the life cycle of malarial parasite in the human body when bitten by an infected female Anopheles.
12. How do cellular barrier and cytokine barriers provide innate immunity in humans?
13. What is a vaccine? Give an example of a vaccine produced by recombinant DNA technology.
14. List the symptoms of typhoid and name its causative agent.
15. What is it that prevents a child to suffer from a disease he/she is vaccinated against? Give one reason.
16. Why do the symptoms of malaria not appear immediately after the entry of sporozoites into the human body when bitten by female Anopheles? Explain. Give the scientific name of the malarial parasite that causes malignant malaria in humans.
17. Name an opioid drug and its source plant. How does the drug affect the human body?
18. Name the plant source of the drug popularly called smack. How does it affect the body of the abuser?
19. Name the two special types of lymphocytes in humans. How do they differ in their roles in immune response?
20. It is generally observed that children who had suffered from chickenpox in their childhood may not contract the same disease in their adulthood. Explain giving reasons the basis of such immunity in an individual. Name this kind of immunity.
21. The immune system of a person is suppressed. In the ELISA test, he was found positive for a pathogen.
    1. Name the disease the patient is suffering from.
    2. What is the causative organism?
    3. Which cells of the body are affected by the pathogens?
22. How does malaria differ from chikungunya with reference of their vectors?
23. Name the type of immunity present at the time of birth in humans. Explain any two ways by which it is accomplished?
24. What is colostrum? Why it is important to be given to the newborn infants?
25. List the two types of immunity a human baby inborn with. Explain the differences between the two types.
26. Write the events that take place when a vaccine for any disease is introduced into the human body.
27. Describe the roles of lymph nodes in providing immunity.
28. State the functions of primary and secondary lymphoid organs in humans.
29. Define autoimmune disease. Give two examples.
30. A heavily bleeding and bruised road accident victim was brought to a nursing home. The immediately gave him an injection to protect him against a deadly disease. Explain.
31. Explain what is meant by metastasis? Why is it fatal?
32. What are carcinogens? Name any two of them.
33. Name the two types of immune system in a human body. Why are cell-mediated and humoral immunities so-called?
34. In the metropolitan cities of India, many children are suffering from allergy. What are the main causes of this problem? Give some symptoms of allergic of allergic reaction.
35. How does smoking tobacco in the human lead to oxygen deficiency in their body?

5 Marks

1. How and what stage does Plasmodium enter into the human body? With the help of flowchart only show the stages of asexual reproduction in the life cycle of the parasite in the infected human. Why does the victim show symptoms of high fever?
2. What is cancer? How is a cancer cell different from the normal cell? How does normal cell attain cancerous nature?
3. Why do the symptoms of malaria not appear immediately after the entry of sporozoites into the human body when bitten by female Anopheles? Explain.Give the specific names of the malarial parasite that causes malignant malaria in human.

4. Explain different measures for control and prevention of drug/alcohol abuse among adolescent.
5. Name the protozoan parasite that causes amoebic dysentery in humans. Mention two diagnostic symptoms of the disease. How is the disease transmitted to others?

6. Explain the different ways of diagnosing cancer.
7. Name the type of cells the AIDS virus first enters into after getting inside the human body. Explain the sequence of events that the virus undergoes within these cells to increase their progeny.
8. Differentiate between the following and give examples of each:
   1. Innate and acquired immunity
   2. Active and passive immunity
9. Name the pathogen that causes amoebiosis in humans. Give the symptoms and the mode of transmission of the disease.
10. A person in your colony has recently been diagnosed with AIDS. People in the colony want him to leave the colony for the fear of spread of AIDS.
    1. Write your view on the situation, giving reasons.
    2. List the possible preventive measures that you would suggest to the residents of your locality in a meeting organized by you so that they understand the situation.
    3. Write the symptoms and the causative agent of AIDS.